Book Description:
Antibiotic resistance is the ability of a microorganism to withstand the effects of antibiotics. There are three mechanisms that can cause antibiotic resistance: prevention of interaction of drug with target, decreased uptake due to either an increased efflux or a decreased influx of the antimicrobial agent and enzymatic modification or destruction of the compound. In the past couple years, antibiotic resistance has become an increasing public health concern. Tuberculosis, gonorrhea, malaria and childhood ear infections are just a few of the diseases that have become hard to treat with antibiotic drugs. This book addresses the concern that over the past few years, there has been a major rise in resistance to antibiotics among gram-negative bacteria. New antibacterial drugs with novel modes of actions are urgently required in order to fight against infection. Novel antibiotics such as linezolid, carbapenem ertapenem, daptomycin and gemifloxacin are examined in this book. The genetic approaches used in risk assessment of antibiotic resistance dissemination are looked at as well. Furthermore, this book discusses the present studies on the use of veterinary antibiotics in agriculture, on the occurrence of antibiotic compounds and resistant bacteria in soil and water and clearly demonstrates the need for further studies.

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Table of Contents:
Preface

The phenomenon of antibiotic resistance in an evolutionary perspectiv;pp. 1-4
(Roberto Manfredi, Department of Internal Medicine, Aging, and Nephrologic Diseases, Division of Infectious Diseases, “Alma Mater Studiorum” University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy)

Antibiotic Resistance And Probiotics: Roles, Mechanisms And Evidence;pp. 5-38
(Min-Tze Liong, Siok-Koon Yeo, Chiu-Yin Kuan, Wai-Yee Fung, Joo-Ann Ewe School of Industrial Technology, Food Technology Division, Universiti Sains Malaysia,Penang, Malaysia)

When good bugs fight bad – designing probiotics to control antibiotic resistant “superbugs”;pp. 39-42
(Roy D. Sleator, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, College Road, Cork, Ireland)

Modification of the bacterial phenotype as an approach to counter the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens;pp. 43-78
(Peter W. Taylor, Patricia Bernal & Andrea Zelmer, School of Pharmacy, London, UK)

Performance to antibiotics in staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus agalactiae and enterococcus spp.;pp. 79-95
(Antonio Sorlózano, José Gutiérrez, Eva Román, Juan de Dios Luna, Juan Román, Estrella Martín, José Liébana, José Luis García, Samuel Bernal, Pilar Morales, Departments of Microbiology University of Granada, Spain, and others)

Microbiological And Pharmacological Principles Of Recent Antibiotic Therapy;pp. 97-186
(Cristina Carrasco, Antonio Sorlózano, José Cabezab, Gonzalo Piédrola, José Gutiérrez, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Spain, and others)

Bacteriophage Therapies and Enzybiotics: Novel Solutions to Antibiotic Resistance;pp. 187-214
(Noémie Manuelle Dorval Courchesne, Albert Parisien, Christopher Q. Lan, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa)

Application of computational methods to study antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Fluoroquinolone resistance as a case study;pp. 215-246
(Sergio Madurga, Jordi Vila, Ernest Giralt, Department of Physical Chemistry & IQTCUB, University of Barcelona, Spain, and others)

Energetics of MDR microbial cells;pp. 247-260
(Waché Yves, Laboratoire GPMA, ENSBANA, Université de Bourgogne)

Low Impact Of OmpC AND OmpF On Susceptibility To Antibiotics In Clinical Isolates Of Escherichia coli Producers Of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases;pp. 261-269
(A. Sorlozano, A. Salmeron, F. Martinez-Checa, E. Villegas, J. D. Luna, J. Gutierrez Departments of Microbiology, University of Granada Spain, and others)

Antibiotic resistance in mariculture environments of China;pp. 271-281
(Jingyi Zhao, Hongyue Dang, Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), China)

Antibiotic Resistance as a Method for Determining Sources of Fecal Pollution in Water;pp. 283-311
(Alexandria K. Graves, Charles Hagedorn, Raleigh, NC, Department of Soil Science North Carolina State University, and others)

Genetic regulation, physiology, assessment and inhibition of efflux pumps responsible for multi-drug resistant phenotypes of bacterial pathogens;pp. 313-332
(Amaral L, Fanning S, Spengler G, Rodrigues L, Iversen C, Mrtins M, Martins A, Viveiros M and Couto I, Unit of Mycobacteriology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal, and others)

Genetic and phenotypic characterization of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates;pp. 333-343
(Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt)

Tracking down a new putative drug target for osteoporosis: Structure of an essential region of the proton translocation channel of H+-VO-ATPas;pp. 345-369
(Afonso M.S. Duarte and Marcus A. Hemminga, Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, The Netherlands)

Antibiotic Resistance In Food Lactic Acid Bacteria;pp. 371-378
(Giorgio Giraffa, Agriculture Research Council, Research Centre for Forage and Dairy Productions, Research Unit “Dairy Products”, Italy)

Current status of antibiotic resistance in lactic acid bacteria;pp. 379-424
(Leon M.T. Dicks, Svetoslav D. Todorov, Bernadette D.G.M. Franco, Department of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa, and others)

Nanobiotics to Combat Bacterial Drug Resistance;pp. 425-465
(Sampath C. Abeylath and Edward Turos, Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida,Tampa, USA)

Veterinary Antibiotics And Their Possible Impact On Resistant Bacteria In The Environment;pp. 467-495
(Nicole Kemper, Certified Veterinary Specialist in Microbiology, Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Germany)

Index pp.497-527