Book Description:
Remediation of subsurface contamination is an up-to-date subject, due to the high number of contaminated sites in all developed countries. Risk assessment for long term exposure to humans is the approach most applied worldwide to identify contaminated sites and the remediation target limits. Exposure pathways for humans at polluted sited often involve inhalation of vapors from soil or groundwater, both outdoor and within enclosed spaces. Many models are available for this purpose, based on concentration input data referred to different media (soil gas, soil, groundwater) located below the ground surface or buildings.
This book discusses research in this field in order to improve both modeling tools and field measurements.

Table of Contents:
Preface

Section 1): Literature review on modeling vapor migration

1) Vapor transport in soil: concepts and mathematical description, pp. 3-37
(Helmut Geistlinger, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Germany)

2) Vapor transport in atmospheric air, pp. 39-58
(Giovanni Lonati, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Idraulica, Ambientale, Rilevamento, Infrastrutture Viarie, Politecnico di Milano, Italy)

3) Vapor transport to indoor environments, pp. 59-72
(David A. Olson, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, North Carolina (USA)

4) Vapor transport from soil and groundwater: numerical modeling approach, pp. 73-90
(Kelly Pennell and Eric Suuberg, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island (USA)

5) Vapour transport from soil and groundwater to indoor air: analytical modelling approach, pp. 91-112
(Matthew Lahvis, Shell Global Solutions, Thornton, England)

6) Modeling of vapor intrusion mitigation, pp. 113-140
(David J. Folkes and Charoen Sanpawanitchakit, EnviroGroup Limited, Centennial, Colorado (USA)

Section 2): Literature review on field measurement techniques
7) Soil gas methods for vapor intrusion assessment, pp. 143-165
Blayne Hartman, Hartman Environmental Geoscience, Solana Beach, California (USA)

8) Indoor and outdoor air sampling techniques, pp. 167-190
(Laura Romele and Elena Sezenna, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Idraulica, Ambientale, Rilevamento, Infrastrutture Viarie, Politecnico di Milano, Italy)

9) Vapor Flux Measurements – Chamber Methods, pp. 191-207
(Suduan Gao and Dong Wang, Water Management Research, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Parlier, California (USA)

Section 3): Case studies

10) Chlorinated hydrocarbons plumes in a residential area. Site investigation to assess indoor vapor intrusion and human health risks, pp. 211-233
(Alessandro Gargini, Monica Pasini, University of Ferrara, Italy; Sara Picone, Huub Rijnaarts, Deltares-TNO Utrecht and Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, The Netherlands; Pauline Van Gaans, Deltares-TNO, Subsurface and Groundwater Systems, Utrecht, The Netherlands)

11) Methods to distinguish between vapor intrusion and indoor sources of VOCs at residences near Hill AFB, Utah, USA, pp. 235-252
(Tom McHugh, Groundwater Services, Inc., Houston, Texas (USA); Kyle Gorder, Hill Air Force Base, Utah (USA)

12) Case studies on Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons, pp. 253-268
(G. Todd Ririe, BP Remediation Engineering & Technology, BP America Inc., La Palma, CA (USA)

13) A case study on the influence of aerobic biodegradation on vapor intrusion at a former refinery property, pp. 269-287
(Todd McAlary, Paul Nicholson, David Bertrand, Hester Groenevelt, Geosyntec Consultants, Inc., Guelph, Ontario (USA); Robert Ettinger, Geosyntec Consultants, Inc., Santa Barbara, California (USA)

14) Comparison between measured and calculated Hg emissions at a polluted site, pp. 289-307
(Elena Sezenna and Sabrina Saponaro, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Idraulica, Ambientale, Rilevamento, Infrastrutture Viarie, Politecnico di Milano, Italy)

Index