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| Computational Modeling Aspects of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Durability pp. 1-40 |
$100.00 |
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Authors: (Maher A.R. Sadiq Al-Baghdadi, Fuel Cell Research Center, International Energy and Environment Foundation (IEEF), Al-Najaf, Iraq)
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Abstract:
Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells are still undergoing intense development, and the combination of new and optimized materials, improved product development, novel architectures, more efficient transport processes, and design optimization and integration are expected to lead to major gains in performance, efficiency, durability, reliability, manufacturability and cost-effectiveness. Computational fuel cell models that allow systematic simulation, design and optimization of fuel cell systems would facilitate the integration of such advances, allow less heavy reliance on hardware prototyping, and reduce development cycles.
Durability is one of the most critical remaining issues impeding successful commercialization of broad PEM fuel cell stationary and transportation energy applications, and the durability of fuel cell stack components remains, in most cases, insufficiently understood. Lengthy required testing times, lack of understanding of most degradation mechanisms, and the difficulty of performing in-situ, non-destructive structural evaluation of key components makes the topic a difficult one. The damage mechanisms in a PEM fuel cell are accelerated by mechanical stresses arising during fuel cell assembly (bolt assembling), and the stresses arise during fuel cell running, because it consists of the materials with different thermal expansion and swelling coefficients. Therefore, in order to acquire a complete understanding of the damage mechanisms in the membrane, mechanical response under steady-state hygro-thermal stresses should be studied under real cell operating conditions and in real cell geometry (three-dimensional). |
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