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| Role of Bacteria in the Chilled Storage and Cryopreservation of Sperm in Aquatic Animals: A Review (pp. 149-184) |
$100.00 |
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Authors: (Subuntith Nimrat, Department of Microbiology and Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Thailand. , Verapong Vuthiphandchai, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Thailand)
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Abstract:
Bacterial contamination is considered a major issue for the management of sperm
preservation in aquatic animals. Chilled storage and cryopreservation of aquatic animal
sperm have been used to meet the growing demand for seeds. Chilled storage of sperm
has been effectively used in a number of fish, but in marine invertebrates has been limited
to shrimp, lobster, echiura and shellfish. Successful and reproducible cryopreservation
has proven to be a reliable method for preserving genetic lines of fish for aquaculture and
conservation, but among invertebrates is limited to polycheates, cnidaria, crustaceans
(shrimp and crab), shellfish (oysters, hard clams and abalone) and echinoderms (sea
urchin and sea cucumber). Few studies have documented changes in bacterial type and
number during chilled storage or cryostorage. Access of good quality chilled-stored or
cryopreserved sperm is necessary for the management of risk associated with sperm
preservation. The presence of bacteria in sperm of aquatic animals can result in
deleterious effects on sperm quality and viability if left uncontrolled. Potential pathogens
present on the preserved sperm of aquatic animals may affect the health of broodstock
and offspring. This paper summarizes the current knowledge pertaining to bacterial
contamination of aquatic animal sperm, including bacterial types and sources of
contaminants, and gives an overview of the incidence of bacterial contamination,
biosecurity and risk assessment and effects of bacterial contamination on offspring
quality. These ideas, if taken into account in commercial aquaculture and conservation of
aquatic animals, are almost certain to increase the value added or protection of at least
some cultured species. Microbial contamination risk of chilled-stored or cryopreserved
sperm after short-term or long-term storage is discussed. Future direction and new
avenues of future research on chilled storage and cryopreservation of sperm in aquatic
animals are proposed. |
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