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| Supplementation with Arachidonic and Docosahexaenoic Acid for 7 Months Improves Visual Perception in 4-7 Year Old Children: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial (pp. 113-134) |
$100.00 |
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Authors: (Vanessa W. Lien, Kathryn A. Pramuk, Ian M. MacDonald, Joy R. Mickelson, Yeow K. Goh, Dana Lee Olstad, Michael T. Clandinin, Alberta Institute for Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Canada, and others)
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Abstract:
Background: There are few investigations of the role of arachidonic (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in vision and brain development in children beyond 2 years of age. This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial to test whether AA and DHA supplementation improves blood phospholipid fatty acid status and visual perception among children selected on the basis of consuming low dietary DHA.
Methods: Children (4-7 years) with low DHA intake consumed 2-3 pre-measured single serving sachets per day with (long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, n=12) or without (control, n=14) AA (10.4 mg) and DHA (7.0 mg) for 7 months. Outcome measures included long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid content of red blood cells and plasma phospholipids, ophthalmic examinations, tests of visual and perceptual skills, and nutrient intake. Two-way analysis of variance was used to test for effect of treatment, time (0 and 7 months), and interactions with age, weight, height, body mass index, nutrient intake, vision parameters and AA or DHA content in plasma and red blood cell phospholipids. T tests were used to test the effect over time (0 and 7 months) within each treatment group.
Results: AA and DHA content of red blood cells and plasma phospholipids showed a consistent trend toward higher levels in the long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid group of children at 7 months. Scores for 3 of the 7 visual perceptual skills subtests and median visual perceptual age were higher in the long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid group of children compared to the control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: AA and DHA supplementation improved development of visual perception in young children, suggesting that consumption of AA and DHA containing foods may affect development of visual perception. |
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